1. Isingeniso
Enkathini yethu yobuchwepheshe eya phambili ngokushesha, ukubaluleka kwedatha nezinhlelo zokuphatha isizindalwazi ngeke kugcizelelwe ngokweqile. Phakathi kwe-Database Management Systems (DBMS) ehamba phambili futhi esetshenziswa kabanzi iMicrosoft SQL Server, esebenzisa amafayela e-MDF ukugcina idatha. I-MDF (Ifayela Ledatha Eliyinhloko) wuhlobo lwefayela ledatha eliyinhloko elisetshenziswa SQL Server, equkethe i-schema yedathabheyisi nedatha. Ngakho, isidingo somfundi wefayela le-MDF noma isibukeli.
1.1 Ukubaluleka kwe-MDF File Reader
I-MDF File Reader ibalulekile kunoma ubani osebenza njalo nesizindalwazi se-SQL. Ivumela umsebenzisi ukuthi avule, abuke, futhi kwesinye isikhathi aze ahlele ifayela le-MDF ngaphandle kokudinga ifayela le-MDF SQL Server imvelo. Lokhu kuyasiza, ikakhulukazi lapho uxazulula izinkinga, uhlola izakhiwo zedathabhesi, noma lapho umuntu edinga ukukhipha idatha efayeleni le-MDF ngaphandle SQL Server ingqalasizinda. Futhi, abafundi be-MDF babalulekile ezimeni zokonakala kwedatha, lapho bengabuka futhi babuyisele idatha. Ngakho-ke, ukukhetha i-MDF File Reader efanelekile nephumelelayo kubaluleke kakhulu kochwepheshe nabasebenzisi be-DBMS.
1.2 Lungisa Amafayela E-MDF Akhohlakele
Uma ungakwazi ukufunda Ifayela le-MDF, kusho ukuthi lonakele futhi udinga ithuluzi elinamandla ukuze lungisa ifayela le-MDF elonakele, njenge DataNumen SQL Recovery:
1.3 Izinjongo zalokhu kuQhathanisa
Ulwandle lwe-MDF File Readers etholakalayo emakethe lubanzi futhi lujulile, ngayinye yethula isethi eyingqayizivele yezici namakhono. Lokhu kubukeka kwezwe kungase kube nzima kwabaqalayo nabachwepheshe ngokufanayo abafuna ithuluzi elifanelana nezidingo zabo ezithile. Ngakho-ke, inhloso yalokhu kuqhathanisa ukuhlinzeka ngokubuyekezwa okujulile nokuqhathaniswa kwe-MDF File Readers ehlukene, ukwethula izici zabo, amandla, kanye nemikhawulo. Ihlose ukusiza abasebenzisi ekwenzeni izinqumo ezinolwazi lapho bekhetha i-MDF File Reader evumelana kangcono nezidingo zabo.
2. Ithuluzi Lokubuka I-MDF ye-FreeViewer
I-FreeViewer MDF Viewer Tool iyithuluzi lesofthiwe elingasetshenziswa mahhala elivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele futhi babuke okuqukethwe kwe-Microsoft. SQL server database, ikakhulukazi amafayela e-MDF, ngaphandle kwesidingo sangempela SQL Server imvelo. I-FreeViewer yaziwa ikakhulukazi ngokuhambisana kwayo okuphezulu nezinguqulo ezihlukene zezinhlelo zokusebenza zeWindows kanye SQL Server izinguqulo. Ivumela ukubukwa kwawo womabili amafayela anempilo nawonakele okusiza abasebenzisi ukwenza izenzo ezinjengokufunda izinto zesizindalwazi se-SQL njengamatafula, izinqubo ezigciniwe, okhiye, njll., ngisho nalapho kungekho SQL Server.
2.1 Izinzuzo
- Ukusebenza: Angakwazi ukubuka futhi afunde womabili amafayela e-MDF anempilo nawonakele, asekela ukutholwa kwedatha.
- Ukuhambelana: Isebenza kahle ngezinguqulo ezahlukene ze-Windows OS kanye SQL Server.
- Kuyasebenziseka: Inikeza interface yomsebenzisi engenamthungo futhi enembile okulula ukuyizulazula nakubaqalayo.
2.2 Ububi
- Izici ezinomkhawulo: Njengethuluzi lamahhala, alinikezi izinketho zesici esithuthukisiwe njengokutholwa kwe-SQL noma ukuthutha idatha ngqo bukhoma SQL Server.
- Awekho amandla okuhlela: Abasebenzisi bangabuka amafayela esizindalwazi kuphela futhi abakwazi ukuhlela noma ukuguqula amafayela.
3. I-Aryson SQL Viewer
I-Aryson SQL Viewer ingelinye ithuluzi lamahhala elenzelwe ukufunda nokuvula SQL Server amafayela we-database ngaphandle kwe- SQL Server imvelo. Okuhlukanisa i-Aryson yikhono layo lokubhekana namafayela e-MDF ne-NDF eyonakele. Iskena ngokugcwele lawa mafayela futhi ibuyisele idatha, okuhlanganisa amathebula, imisebenzi, izingcipho, njll. Iphinde inikeze ukubuka kuqala kwedatha ebuyisiwe ngaphambi kokuyilondoloza endaweni oyifunayo.
3.1 Izinzuzo
- Ukutholwa kwedatha: Inikeza amandla okubuyisela idatha kumafayela e-MDF ne-NDF eyonakele.
- Imodi yokubuka kuqala: Ifaka imodi yokubuka kuqala lapho abasebenzisi bangabuyekeza khona idatha etholiwe ngaphambi kokuyilondoloza.
- Ukuhambisana okuphezulu: Ihambisana nezinguqulo ezahlukene ze-Windows kanye SQL Server.
3.2 Ububi
- Izinketho zokulondoloza ezinomkhawulo: Inikeza kuphela ukulondoloza ngefomethi ye-CSV okungenzeka ingahlangabezani nezidingo zabo bonke abasebenzisi.
- Akukho ukuguqulwa kwefayela: Njengamathuluzi amaningi wamahhala, ayinalo ikhono lokuhlela noma ukuguqula amafayela esizindalwazi se-SQL.
4. I-MDF File Viewer nge-MyPCFile
I-MDF File Viewer ye-MyPCFile iyisibuki sefayela ledathabhesi eyinkimbinkimbi evumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele futhi babuke amafayela we-MDF ngaphandle SQL Server. Ifakwe ama-algorithms athuthukile, le softhiwe ingakwazi ukufunda, iskena, futhi ibuyisele amafayela e-SQL MDF alimele ngokushesha, inikeze ukuphathwa kwedatha okushelelayo kwezidingo ezihlukahlukene zabasebenzisi.
4.1 Izinzuzo
- Ukutholwa kwephutha: Ingahlonza futhi ilungise amaphutha kumafayela e-MDF ivumele ukutholwa kwedatha okuhle.
- Hlola kuqala isici: Inikeza abasebenzisi amandla okubuka kuqala askeniwe SQL Server izinto zesizindalwazi ngaphambi kokulondoloza.
- Isibonisi esisebenziseka kalula: Inikeza isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula esenza kube lula ukubukwa kwesizindalwazi nokuphatha.
4.2 Ububi
- Awekho amandla okushintsha: Isofthiwe yenzelwe kuphela ukubuka nokufunda amafayela e-MDF; ayinikezi izinketho zokuhlela.
- Ukuhambelana: Abasebenzisi babike izinkinga zokusebenzisana nezinye izinguqulo ze SQL Server kanye ne-Windows OS.
5. Ithuluzi le-DRS SQL Viewer
I-DRS SQL Viewer Tool iyithuluzi elinekhono nelithembekile lokubuka nokufunda amafayela esizindalwazi se-MDF ngaphandle kwesidingo SQL Server. Ibonisa i-algorithm ehlakaniphile ekwazi ukufunda nokulungisa amafayela e-SQL MDF awonakele. Ngaphezu kwalokhu, inikeza ukubuka kuqala okuningiliziwe kwazo zonke izinto ezingatholakala kufayela ledatha elilimele.
5.1 Izinzuzo
- Ukutholwa kwedatha: Inamandla okubuyisela aqinile ngisho nakumafayela e-MDF awonakele kakhulu.
- Hlola kuqala isici: Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babone kusengaphambili zonke izinto ezibuyiselekayo kufayela lesizindalwazi ngaphambi kokuzigcina.
- Ukuhambelana: Ihambisana nazo zonke izinguqulo ze SQL Server kanye ne-Windows OS.
5.2 Ububi
- Izinketho zokulondoloza ezinomkhawulo: Ukulondoloza idatha etholiwe kungenzeka kuphela ngefomethi ye-CSV, okungenzeka ingambozi zonke izidingo zabasebenzisi.
- Akukho ukuguqulwa kwefayela: Njengezinye izibukeli eziningi, ayikusekeli ukuhlelwa noma ukuguqulwa kwamafayela e-MDF.
6. Buyisa SQL MDF File Viewer
I-Revove SQL MDF File Viewer iyithuluzi eliqinile elinikeza izici ezisebenzayo zokubuka nokuhlaziya. SQL Server Amafayela e-MDF. Idizayinelwe ngama-algorithms athuthukile, i-Revove ayivumeli kuphela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafunde futhi babuke amafayela esizindalwazi kodwa futhi ingaphinda ithole idatha kumafayela e-MDF owonakele. Ngaphezu kwalokho, inikeza ukubuka kuqala kwezinto ezitholakala kusizindalwazi ngaphambi kokuzilondoloza.
6.1 Izinzuzo
- Ukuthola kabusha okuthuthukile: Ingakwazi ukubuyisela ngempumelelo idatha kumafayela e-MDF owonakele nangafinyeleleki.
- Inketho yokubuka kuqala: Inikeza ukubuka kuqala okuningiliziwe kwezinto ezibuyiselekayo kusizindalwazi.
- Isici sokuzitholela ngokuzenzakalelayo: Ikhono lokubona ngokuzenzakalelayo inguqulo ye SQL Server lapho kwakhiwe khona ifayela le-MDF.
6.2 Ububi
- Izinketho zokulondoloza ezinomkhawulo: Njengezinye izibukeli, leli thuluzi linikeza kuphela ifomethi ye-CSV yokulondoloza idatha etholiwe.
- Awekho amandla okuhlela: Ithuluzi alikusekeli ukuguqulwa noma ukuhlelwa kwamafayela esizindalwazi se-SQL.
7. I-imeyili Viewer MDF Viewer FREEWARE
Isibukeli se-imeyili i-MDF Viewer FREEWARE iyithuluzi elinikeza abasebenzisi amandla okubuka nokuhlaziya amafayela e-MDF SQL Server imvelo. Yakhelwe ngama-algorithms anamandla, ivumela ukubukwa okuphumelelayo kokubili kolwazi olunempilo nolonakele. Okuhlaba umxhwele nakakhulu, ithuluzi linikeza isici sokubona ngokuzenzakalelayo se- SQL Server amafayela futhi ingakwazi ukubuyisela amarekhodi e-SQL asusiwe.
7.1 Izinzuzo
- Isici sokuzitholela ngokuzenzakalelayo: Ingathola ngokuzenzakalelayo inguqulo ye SQL Server ifayela le-MDF lakhiwe ngo.
- Buyisa amarekhodi asusiwe: Inikeza amandla okubuyisela amarekhodi e-SQL asusiwe efayeleni le-MDF.
- Imodi yokuskena kabili: Ihlinzeka ngezindlela ezimbili zokuskena ukuze kube lula kumsebenzisi, ukuskena okusheshayo nokuskena kwe-Advance.
7.2 Ububi
- Amafomethi okulondoloza anomkhawulo: Ngeshwa, inikeza kuphela ifomethi ye-CSV njengenketho yokulondoloza idatha etholiwe.
- Akukho ukuhlelwa kwefayela: Ithuluzi alinikezi inketho yokuhlela noma ukulungisa amafayela esizindalwazi.
8. I-Jumphare Online SQL Viewer
I-Jumpshare Online SQL Viewer iyithuluzi lokubuka eliku-inthanethi elivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bafinyelele amafayela e-MDF ngaphandle kokudinga okwendabuko. SQL Server imvelo. I-Jumpshare ihlukile ngoba isebenza ku-inthanethi, okwenza abasebenzisi bakwazi ukubuka amafayela e-MDF ngokuqondile esipheqululini sabo ngaphandle kokufaka noma iyiphi isofthiwe. Naphezu kokulula kwayo, i-Jumpshare ivumela ngempumelelo ukubukwa kwamafayela esizindalwazi, okuhlanganisa amatafula, izibangeli, nezinqubo ezigciniwe.
8.1 Izinzuzo
- Ithuluzi le-inthanethi: Njengethuluzi eliku-inthanethi, iqeda isidingo sokufakwa kwesofthiwe futhi ivumela ukubukwa kwefayela lesizindalwazi noma yikuphi.
- Kuyasebenziseka: Ifaka isixhumi esibonakalayo esilula nesinembile okulula ukusisebenzisa kuwo wonke amazinga omsebenzisi.
- Ukubuka Ngokushesha: Inikeza ukubuka okusheshayo kwamafayela esizindalwazi esiza ekufinyeleleni idatha ngokushesha.
8.2 Ububi
- Ukuncika ku-inthanethi: Njengethuluzi eliku-inthanethi, ukusebenza kwalo kuncike kakhulu ekuxhumekeni kwe-inthanethi.
- Awekho amathuluzi okubuyisela noma wokuhlela: Ithuluzi alinawo amandla okuthola idatha kumafayela owonakele futhi alinazo izinketho zokuhlela.
9. I-Groupdocs Buka i-SQL Online
I-Groupdocs Buka i-SQL Online iyisibukeli se-SQL esithuthukile nesivikelekile esivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babuke futhi bahlaziye amafayela abo esizindalwazi se-SQL ngaphandle kokudinga ukusetha. SQL Server. Leli thuluzi elisekelwe efwini lakhelwe ukuphatha amafomethi amaningi wefayela lesizindalwazi, linikeza inkundla ephelele yezidingo zokubuka amafayela. Lokhu kubandakanya ukwesekwa kokubuka amafayela e-MDF nge-utmost ukucaca kanye nekhwalithi.
9.1 Izinzuzo
- Okususelwe emafini: Imvelo yayo yamafu ivumela ukufinyelela okusheshayo nokulula, noma kuphi nanoma nini.
- Ukusekelwa kwefayela ledatha eminingi: Ithuluzi aligcini kumafayela e-MDF kodwa lisekela namanye amafomethi wefayela lesizindalwazi.
- Ukuphepha: Iqinisekisa ukuphepha okuphezulu kwamafayela akho esizindalwazi ngenkathi ubuka futhi uhlaziya.
9.2 Ububi
- Kuncike ku-inthanethi: Njengethuluzi elisekelwe efwini, ukufinyelela kwe-inthanethi njalo kuyisidingo sokusebenza kwayo.
- Awekho amathuluzi okubuyisela/okujwayela: Ithuluzi alinikezi amandla okubuyisela noma ukuhlela amafayela.
10. I-SQL Viewer
I-SQL Viewer iyithuluzi eliyinkimbinkimbi, elinomthombo ovulekile hosted on GitHub eklanyelwe ngokuqondile ukufunda nokubonisa okuqukethwe kwamafayela esizindalwazi se-SQL. Ngokusebenza kwayo okuthuthukile nokubonisa okungavuthiwe, i-SQL Viewer iyindlela enhle kubasebenzisi abafisa indlela eqondile, engenambudane yokubuka amafayela wabo wesizindalwazi. Imvelo yayo yomthombo ovulekile ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bengeze izici noma imisebenzi ngokuya ngesidingo sabo.
10.1 Izinzuzo
- Umthombo ovulekile: Njengethuluzi lomthombo ovulekile, linikeza ukuguquguquka kokushintsha noma ukwengeza noma yisiphi isici esidingekayo.
- Cost-sebenza kahle: Njengoba ingumthombo ovulekile, kumahhala futhi akufihliwe costs.
- Isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula: Ithuluzi lethula i-interface yomsebenzisi enembile eyenza ukubuka nokuhlaziya amafayela esizindalwazi kube lula.
10.2 Ububi
- Izici ezinomkhawulo: Ithuluzi liza nemisebenzi eyisisekelo futhi alinazo izici ezithuthukile ezifana namakhono okuthola kabusha noma okuhlela.
- Ulwazi lobuchwepheshe: Ukusebenzisa isici sayo somthombo ovulekile, isizinda sobuchwepheshe noma ukuqonda ikhodi kuyadingeka.
11. Ithuluzi le-MS SQL Database Viewer
I-MS SQL Database Viewer Tool iyithuluzi elingasindi, elisebenziseka kalula elakhelwe ukufunda, ukubuka, nokuhlaziya amafayela esizindalwazi se-SQL. Ngaphezu kokuhambisana nezinguqulo ezihlukahlukene ze SQL Server, iyakwazi nokuvula nokufunda amafayela e-MDF/NDF. Ngaphezu kwalokho, ihlanganisa amakhono ambalwa okubuyisela idatha nge-interface ehlanzekile neqondile ukuze kube lula umsebenzisi.
11.1 Izinzuzo
- Ukuhlukahluka: Isekela izinguqulo eziningi ze SQL Server futhi ingavula amafayela e-MDF/NDF.
- Ukutholwa kwedatha: Inikeza amandla okubuyisela idatha kumafayela e-MDF akhohlakele.
- Isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi: Ifaka isixhumi esibonakalayo esilula nesihlanzekile esenza kube lula kubasebenzisi ukuthi bazulazule futhi basebenzise.
11.2 Ububi
- Awekho amandla okuhlela: Leli thuluzi livumela ukubukwa kuphela futhi alinikezi noma yiziphi izinketho zokuhlela noma ukuguqulwa kwamafayela esizindalwazi.
- Izici ezithuthukile ezinomkhawulo: Uma iqhathaniswa namanye amathuluzi, ayinazo izici ezithuthukile ezifana nokunikeza ukubuka kuqala ngaphambi kokulondoloza idatha.
12. I-Comet System SQL Database Viewer
I-Comet System SQL Database Viewer iyithuluzi elidala lokubuka ifayela le-MDF. Ivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi bavule kalula, bafunde, futhi bahlaziye amafayela esizindalwazi se-SQL ngaphandle kokudinga SQL Server. Igqama ngenxa yezici zayo ezithuthukile, okuhlanganisa nezilungiselelo zayo zokubuka ezingenziwa ngendlela oyifisayo kanye nokwesekwa kwayo okuphelele kokubuka izinto ezihlukahlukene zesizindalwazi.
12.1 Izinzuzo
- Ukubuka ngendlela oyifisayo: Leli thuluzi liza nezilungiselelo ezenziwe ngokwezifiso ezivumela abasebenzisi ukuthi balungise indlela ababuka ngayo amafayela wabo wesizindalwazi ngokuya ngokuthanda kwabo.
- Ukwesekwa okuphelele: Inikeza ukwesekwa kokubuka izinto ezihlukahlukene zesizindalwazi njengamathebula, ukubuka, izinqubo ezigciniwe, nokuningi.
- Isibonisi esisebenziseka kalula: I-interface iqondile futhi kulula ukusebenza nayo, ithuthukisa ukusebenziseka kwayo.
12.2 Ububi
- Awekho amandla okuhlela: Ithuluzi alikuvumeli ukuhlelwa okuqondile noma ukuguqulwa kwamafayela esizindalwazi se-SQL.
- Izici ezithuthukile ezinomkhawulo: Yize isebenza, ayinazo izici ezithuthukile njengokutholwa kwesizindalwazi.
I-13. Isifingqo
Ngemva kokubuyekezwa okuphelele kwabafundi befayela le-MDF abahlukahlukene abatholakala emakethe, nasi isifinyezo esizonikeza umbono osheshayo wamathuluzi ahlukahlukene okuxoxwe ngawo.
13.1 Ithebula Lokuqhathanisa Selilonke
Ithuluzi | Izici | Kalula Yokusebenzisa | Inani | Ukusekela Amakhasimende |
---|---|---|---|---|
I-FreeViewer MDF Viewer Tool | Buka Amafayela Anempilo Nawonakele | High | Mahhala | Lokulingene |
I-Aryson SQL Viewer | Ukubuyiselwa Kwedatha, Imodi Yokuhlola Kuqala | High | Mahhala | High |
I-MDF File Viewer nge-MyPCFile | Ukutholwa Kwephutha, Isici Sokuhlola Kuqala | High | Mahhala | ongaphakeme |
Ithuluzi le-DRS SQL Viewer | Ukubuyiselwa Kwedatha, Imodi Yokuhlola Kuqala | High | Mahhala | Lokulingene |
Vula i-SQL MDF File Viewer | Ukubuyisela Okuthuthukile, Inketho Yokuhlola Kuqala, Isici Sokubona Ngokuzenzakalelayo | High | Mahhala | High |
Isibukeli se-imeyili MDF Viewer FREEWARE | Thola ngokuzenzakalelayo Isici, Buyisela Amarekhodi Asusiwe, Imodi Yeskena Ekabili | High | Mahhala | High |
I-Jumphare Online SQL Viewer | Amathuluzi aku-inthanethi, Ukubuka Okusheshayo | Phezulu kakhulu | Mahhala | ongaphakeme |
I-Groupdocs Buka i-SQL Online | Ukusekelwa Kwefayela Elisekelwe Efwini, Isizindalwazi Esiningi | High | Mahhala | Lokulingene |
I-SQL Viewer | Umthombo ovulekile, Isixhumi esibonakalayo esisebenziseka kalula | High | Mahhala | ongaphakeme |
Ithuluzi lokubuka le-MS SQL Database | I-Versatility, Ukubuyiselwa Kwedatha, Isixhumi esibonakalayo somsebenzisi | High | Mahhala | Lokulingene |
I-Comet System SQL Database Viewer | Ukubuka Okwenziwa Ngokwezifiso, Ukusekela Okuphelele | High | Mahhala | ongaphakeme |
13.2 Ithuluzi Elinconyiwe Ngokusekelwe Ezidingweni Ezihlukahlukene
Uma kuziwa ekukhetheni i-MDF File Reader, izidingo ezithile zomsebenzisi zidlala indima ebalulekile. Isibonelo, uma umuntu efuna isibukeli esiku-inthanethi ukuze asifinyelele ngokushesha futhi kalula, i-Jumpshare Online SQL Viewer noma i-Groupdocs View SQL Online kungaba ukukhetha okufanele. Kulabo abafuna ikhono lokubuyisela idatha kumafayela owonakele, i-Aryson SQL Viewer noma i-DRS SQL Viewer Tool izoba kahle. Ekugcineni, kulabo abadinga ithuluzi lamahhala kodwa elisebenza kahle, Ithuluzi Lokubuka I-MDF le-FreeViewer kanye ne-imeyili Viewer ye-MDF Viewer FREEWARE zizophuma phambili.
14. Isiphetho
14.1 Imicabango Yokugcina kanye Nezinyathelo Ezithathwayo Zokukhetha I-MDF File Reader
Ekuphetheni, kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuthi ukukhetha isibukeli sefayela le-MDF kuncike kakhulu ezidingweni zomuntu ngamunye kanye nokucaciswa kwayo. Kusukela ekwazini ukuphatha amafayela onakele okuthola kabusha idatha, ukunikeza izinketho zokubuka kuqala, ukuba lula ukukusebenzisa, kanye nendlela asebenzisana ngayo nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezihlukene, izici ezihlukahlukene ziqala ukusebenza. Ukuqhathanisa okungenhla kunikeza imininingwane ngezinketho ezihlukahlukene ezitholakala emakethe, okufanele, nazo, zisize abasebenzisi ukwenza isinqumo esinolwazi esizifanela kangcono izidingo zabo.
Njengocezu lokugcina lweseluleko, isici sokufinyeleleka akufanele sidlule ukusebenza nokusebenza kahle kwethuluzi, kucatshangelwa ukuthi laba bafundi babalulekile ekuphatheni nasekuhambeni. SQL Server idatha. Khetha ithuluzi elinikeza ibhalansi efanele phakathi kokusebenza, ukusebenziseka kalula, kanye nentengo. Hlala ukhumbula ukuthi, ekugcineni, inhloso enkulu ukubuka nokuphatha amafayela akho e-MDF.
Isingeniso Sombhali:
UVera Chen unguchwepheshe wokutakula idatha ku- DataNumen, ehlinzeka ngemikhiqizo eminingi, kuhlanganise nethuluzi elinamandla loku lungisa Finyelela kusizindalwazi se-ACCDB.
shiya impendulo